1) What is V-I curve?
We call voltage/current rate V-I .This rate reveals impedance. Every electronic
equipment has a V-I characteristic curve .there can be changes in the
characteristic of the curves of damaged components. These changes can be
detected easily even when the component is in circuit. For instance
;Semiconductor Burned Out Due To Overload Will Turn Into Resistance Carbonizing
And So Will Indicate Resistance Characteristic.This is A Perfect Damage.Being In
Circuit Or Out-Of-Service Will Set Off This Damage Better.
2) Main V-I curves:
V-I curves needed to be known essentially is given below.in these graphics, the
horizontal axis is voltage axis ,and vertical axis is currency axis.in some old
oscilloscope, there was v-i mode.in fact it can be thought as two parallel
panels.vertical axis apply deflection according to currency and horizontal axis
does according to voltage.in conclusion,
V-I
curves are not different from private
oscilloscope
curves.

1- Resistor Curve

2- Zener diode curve: there is no transition of conduct on the left side of
diode characteristic.

3- Capacitor-Bobbin
curve:
these curves are elliptically shaped.yet in respect of center they are
symmetrical. . for there is internal resistance in bobbin curves, the circle
becomes horizontal on a vertical platform.
these are the main curves stated here.
they should be seen out-of-service. every
electronic component can be tested. (certainly it is possible to detect whether
the problem of components is damaged or not by programmers). these curves give
quite significant data about component damage.it is not important that
components are surface-montage (smd) or in sip, dip covered structure,smd
components get obviously damaged for the fact that p-n funtions are more
sensitive.these faults can be more easily located by
V-I
test.
3-Fault Locating WITHIN V-I CURVE:
We said that v-i curves change in damaged components.if such is the case ; we
specialize in v-i curve test, we can test the damaged component in /out of
circuit and determine the error.if we have a safe electronic circuit ,
comparing v-i curves we can localize the points of damaged components and
locate the fault.
That is, without the need of circuit schema and
sustentation of
pcb we can
easily locate the fault.. For the expert users on v-i curves, there will not
always be the need of undamaged
pcb. Ok but is it possible to locate the fault
conveying the data of
pcb to the computer storage? Possible, moreover this data
can be shared by other device users around the world.it would be so nice to see
the names of these
pcbs beside download links.
You can cross this question in your mind: how can we test all components basing
resistance, diode, bobbin and capacitor? Test of resistance is easy because it
is possible within one millimeter .diode test is ok. Transistor consists of two
diodes. Its test is easy too.3- pin components like fet, mosfet and transistor
indicates semiconductor
V-I
curves.
In every pin of ICs, there are fuse -aimed zener diodes.

As it is seen in the figure, these diodes are located by sustentation or earth
(ground). If you do not see proper diode characteristic in every IC,
out-of-service it means the component is damaged.

These zener diodes are between vcc and/or GND.That is, they indicate diode
curves. If any curve similar to resistance curve or partly damaged curve can be
seen in comparison to other pins, it means IC is damaged.
Lineer,pins making the same work with components, indicates V/I curves. If there
are 8 inputs ,all of these must indicate the same curve. If one of them is
different the IC is likely to be damaged.